Thirty neonatal male Holstein calves fed by starter diets containing ground wheat (GW) or dry-rolled wheat (DRW) to 12 weeks of age. Skeletal growth measures, starter digestibility, starter intake, blood metabolites and rumen metabolites of nursing calves were assessed in weeks 4, 8 and 12 to assess rumen development and find the optimum method of wheat processing for calves. Calves were weaned at the end of 9th week and a post weaning specific starter diets were fed for one month. Skeletal growth measures including body length, body barrel, wither height and hip width did not affected by treatments (p>0.05). Calves received GW had higher (p<0.05) body weight and daily gain. Although, calves received DRW had the lowest starter intake, but the highest digestibility coefficients for dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, NDF and energy. Calves received GW, had higher serum  b-hydroxy butyrate BHBA and insulin (p<0.05) concentrations which may indicate that GW could cause a better rumen development and performance in comparison with other type of processed wheat. Calves received GW had higher total VFA, acetate, propionate, butyrate, ammonia nitrogen, rumen wall thickness, papilla width and density (p<0.05). Calves fed DRW experienced lower rumen pH (p<0.05) throughout the experiment. Calves consuming GW apparently had higher starter intake, more functional rumen in terms of serum metabolites and rumen metabolites in comparison with the other group. It could be concluded that GW was appropriate to young calves in their starter diets.

Abstract: The forging model for cold rolling is one of the rolling models which is used in rolling calculations. In this model, the final rolling pressure is an average value and it is not as accurate for actual and industrial cases. Also, by using forging model, friction hill curves are plotted due to the central point of rolling bite length while frictional stresses intersect at the neutral point of rolling bite. In this study, a new model based on the forging model is presented to determine the rolling pressure during cold rolling process for using in a reversing tandem mill, where this is called “Improved forging model”. In the proposed model, the intersection of the frictional forces is the neutral point. Finally, the computing results from this new model coincide well with the precedent investigations.

Background: Myofascial pain syndrome of upper trapezius muscle is common; reports about successful treatment with dry needling and physical therapy have been published. This study was performed with the objective of comparing the efficacy of these two treatment modalities in relieving the symptoms in patients with myofascial pain in the trapezius referred to the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center at the Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital from Apr 2009 to March 2010.Methods: It was a randomized controlled trial performed on 28 patients. After matching age, sex, duration of symptoms, pain severity, pain pressure threshold of trigger point and quality of life measures, subjects were randomly put in to subgroups of case (dry needling) or control (physical therapy). One week and one month after receiving treatment, outcomes and intra and inter group changes in pain severity, pain pressure threshold of trigger point and quality of life measures were evaluated and compared.Results: 28 subjects in two 14 patients groups took part in this study. After one month of both physical therapy and dry needling, there was a decrease in resting, night and activity pain levels, (p<0.05). Pain pressure threshold of trigger point, scores of physical functioning, role limitation due to physical problems, social functioning and bodily pain were improved (p<0.05). Results were similar in the two groups, (p<0.4).Conclusion: It seems that both physical therapy modalities and dry needling have equal effect in decreasing myofascial pain of upper trapezius muscle.

In this article with simulation of Tehran subway second type rolling stock, dynamic performance of this train has been studied. Dynamic simulation of Tehran subway has been simulated in UM (universal mechanism) package. At first train bogie parts has been drawn in 3D software package Solid works and moment of inertia and mass of each part has been extracted. In Solid works software the bogie part has been attached and complete model of bogie imported to Dynamic simulation software. In Dynamic simulation of Tehran subway rolling stock, primary and secondary suspensions were differ from conventional bogies that has been used in Iranian railway and simulation should be done exactly. After this work dynamic simulation has been done for hunting speed of wagon and acceleration of wagon body has been obtained in vertical and lateral directions. with the result that has been extracted from dynamic performance of train, the effect of hunting speed on lateral wheelset lateral displacement and angle of attack in left wheel of first wheelset has been comprised. ride index criteria for calculation of Tehran subway has been explained. for simulation of train, track irregularity inputted in UM software for ride index has been calculated in lateral and vertical directions. According to secondary suspension of Tehran subway train body acceleration and ride comfort of this train simulated. According to ride comfort result of this train, the result of Tehran subway rolling stock has been compared with standard value.

Background: In this research project, our aim was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of autologous blood transfusion (ABI) and dry needling techniques in patients with refractory lateral epicondylitis. Methods: This study was performed as a randomized clinical trial on 32 patients with refractory or recurrent lateral epicondylitis. After enrolling in the study, patients were divided into two treatment groups. In the first group, patients were treated with dry needling method and in the second group, with ABI. Patients' pain was measured and compared by two methods of visual analog scale (VAS) and Patient-Rated Tennis Elbow Evaluation (PRTEE) before the interventions, and 1 and 3 months after the intervention. Findings: Based on both criteria, 1 and 3 months after treatment, there was significant reduction in pain in both blood transfusion and dry needling groups. There was no significant difference between the groups in reducing pain over time based on VAS and PRTEE criteria. Conclusion: Pain scores according to both VAS and PRTEE criteria significantly decreased in both groups at 1 and 3 months after the interventions.